Improvement in railroad-car heaters



i NTTED STATESI PATENT OEEICE.

PIERRE GRANDJEAN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

HVIPROVEYIVIENI IN RAILROAD-CAR HEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 08,702, dated Octobrr25, 1870; Y,

To @ZZ whom, it may concer/ 1.: Y

Be it known that I, PIERRE GRANDJEAN, of Paris, in the Empire of France,have invented a new and Improved Apparatusfor Warming and VentilatingCarriages and Boats; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled inthe art to make an d use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specication, in whichdrawings- Figure I represents a front view of my apparatus, showing itin working position under the oor of a railroad-car. Fig. II is a planortop view of the same. Fig. III is a transverse vertical section of theapparatus detached, the line b b, Figs. V and VI, indicating the planeof section. Fig. IV is an elevation of the same, showing the front ofthe apparatus. Fig. V is a longitudinal vertical section of the same,taken in the plane a a, Figs. III and IV. Fig. VI is a side view of theapparatus. Fig. VII is an end view of the same. Fig. VIII is an invertedplan of the same. Fig. IX is a top view of the same. Fig. X is alongitudinal section of a foot-warmer in the plane e e, Fig. XI. Fig. XIis a plan or top view of the same. Fig. XII is a transverse section ofthe foot-warmer in the plane f f, Figs. X and XI. Figs. XIII, XIV, XV,and XVI represent different detached views of the air-holes andregisters. Figs. XVII and XVIII are detached views of the chimneys.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to an apparatus for warming and also for coolingand Ventilating carriages andboats, particularly railroad-cars 5 and Iwill here rem ark that inthe followingdescription particular regard hasbeen taken to the application of my apparatus to railroad-cars, with thedistinct understanding, however, that the same is applicable tocarriages of every description, and also tolsteamboats or other vessels.

My apparatus consists of a box capable of being attached to the bottomof a railroad-car, and provided with funnel-shaped air-spouts facing inopposite directions and comnuznicating with an air-chamber, from whichthe air passes through pipes into the distributingchamber, whichcommunicates with the interior of the car. rIhe air-spouts are providedwith doors, which open and close automatically, according to thedirection in which the car moves. The pipes leading from the air chamberto the distributing-chamber are situated over a fire-grate, so that theair, while passing throughy said pipes, can be heated. Thedistributing-pipes communicate with boxes let into the bottom of the carasfoot` warmers when hot air is introduced, or as dis tributing-boxeswhen cold air is introduced. I/Vith the nre-grate is combined anautomatic shaking device operated by the motion of the car. The productsof combustion are carried off by suitable chimneys projecting from thetop of the heating-chamber, and situated under a protecting-plate toprevent the heated gases from coming in direct contact with the bottomof the ca'r.

In the drawings, the letter A designates a metal plate, which isinterposed between the top of my apparatus and the bottom of the car, toprotect the latter against the injurious effects of the products ofcombustion issuing from the chimneys G. Said protecting-plate rests onsupports B, and the chimneys C are provided with lateraldischarge-openings D for the products of combustion. Suitable brackets,E, serve to secure the apparatus to the bottom of the car.

Near one end of the apparatus, and on op-v site sides thereof, are theair-spouts F, which are protected by net-work F against the entrance ofdirt and rubbish, and which communicate with the air-chamber -I. Each ofthe air-spouts is provided with a door, G, hung in hinges H and openinginward, so that the door on the spout facing the direction in which thecarI moves will open, while the other closes automatically by the actionof the air. The air, which rushes through one of the spouts into theair-chamber, strikes a perforated partition-plate, I', whereby it is'caused to spread, and it then passes through a series of pipes, J, tothe distributing-cl*amber I, (see Fig. V,) whence it is carried oitthrough pipes K, leading to the interior ofthe car. The pipes J aresituated over a fire-box, P, which is supplied with fuel through thefeed-A channel O. In the bottom of said fire-box is the perforated plateor grate P', which is subjected to the action of a loaded lever, T, sothat when the car is in motion a shaking motion is imparted to saidgrate to keep the fire clear and free from dirt. The fire-box and thedistributing-chamber are provided with a of the caranother aperture isopened, which f double jacket, M, which comin unicates through holes Lwith the external atmosphere, so that the air passing in through theseholes will be heated by coming in contact with the sides of thefire-box. rlhe apertures K of the distributing-ohamber communicate bymeans of pipes U (see Fig. II) with boxes V, let into the bottoni of theear, and serving` as foot-warmers in winter time, and which are providedwith registers Y, through which the air is admitted into the car. Saidboxes are also provided with distributing-pipes X, to carry the airunder the seats of the car.

rlhe foot-warmers maybe constructed of any suitable size, and theirbottoni parts are protected by means of felt or other suitable material,to prevent loss of heat by radiation.

rlhe registers represented in Figs. XIII, XIV, aud XV are arranged sothat by closing,` the aperture (ifoinmuuicating with the interior allowsthe air to escape in the open atu1osphere. By these means the apparatusis prevented from getting overlleated.

What I claim as new, and desi re to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. An apparatus for heating,` and'Ventilating,` carriages and boats,constructed with an airehainber, I, a series of pipes, J, and adistributi 11g-chamber, I, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination. of the fire-box P with the air-chamber I, pipes J,and distributing'- chamber I, substantially as set forth.

8. The shaking-lever T, in combination with the grate I3', said leverbeing actuated by the inotiou of the car, as set forth.

l?. GRANILIEAN. [a s] \Vitnesses: i N. BONNEVILLE,

DUERO.

